|
Lingula are a common tapeworm found in cyprinid fishes in Europe and North America. The parasite requires three hosts in its life cycle: fish, birds and copepods. Fish become infected after eating infected copepods. Within the fish, the worms can grow very large (>4"). The life cycle is completed when the fish is eaten by the bird host. |
|
|
|
Detection Method: gross pathology / gross clinical signs |